Effects of Alcohol on Each Part of the Body

long term alcohol effects

People addicted to drinking typically undergo a range of severe effects of alcohol on the body in their day-to-day physical well-being. Some of these changes appear in a brief period, while others develop over months or years. Firstly, unhealthy drinking habits can lower dopamine levels and decrease endorphins over time. The way extended alcohol use depletes these “happy hormones” can sober house boston exacerbate or cause mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. Whether it’s early on in health class, through family experiences, or in sporadic doctor visits, many of us learn that excessive drinking is ‘bad for you’ at a young age. Learning more about the specific impact alcohol has on the body’s organ systems can provide a helpful, and even life-changing perspective.

How can I find help for substance use and co-occurring mental disorders?

Your body breaks alcohol down into a chemical called acetaldehyde, which damages your DNA. Damaged DNA can cause a cell to grow out of control, which results in cancerous tumors. Having a glass of wine with dinner or a beer at a party here and there isn’t going to destroy your gut. But even low amounts of daily drinking and prolonged and heavy use of alcohol can lead to significant problems for your digestive system.

What Are the Psychological Effects of Alcohol?

long term alcohol effects

Moderate drinking is having one drink or less in a day for women, or two drinks or less in a day for men. Alcoholics Anonymous is available almost everywhere and provides a place to openly and nonjudgmentally discuss alcohol issues with others who have alcohol use disorder. “Excessive alcohol consumption can cause nerve damage signs of being roofied and irreversible forms of dementia,” Dr. Sengupta warns. The morning after a night of over-imbibing can cause some temporary effects on your brain. Things like trouble concentration, slow reflexes and sensitivity to bright lights and loud sounds are standard signs of a hangover, and evidence of alcohol’s effects on your brain.

Kidney Damage

These conditions hinder the liver’s ability to function properly, potentially resulting in irreversible damage, scarring, and even liver failure. Through the ages, alcoholism has been undisputedly maintaining its position in the list of risk factors for preventable diseases in the world. According to a WHO report, 5.3% of all deaths that occurred worldwide in the year 2016 were because of harmful alcohol use [1]. It is the main culprit behind the advancing nature of many chronic diseases. It drastically increases the severity of diseases and also makes the treatments less effective.

Alcohol-induced mental health conditions

Symptoms can be moderate to severe, with addiction being the most severe form of SUD. Alcohol’s impact on the functioning of the brain ranges from mild and anxiolytic disinhibitory effects, motor incoordination, sedation, emesis, amnesia, hypnosis and ultimately unconsciousness [4]. The synaptic transmission is heavily disturbed and altered by ethanol, and the intrinsic excitability in various areas of the brain is also compromised. The effects of ethanol may be pre-synaptic, post-synaptic, and at times, non-synaptic too. It’s the liver’s job to metabolize nutrients from the things we eat and drink.

Liver disease

Alcohol not only affects the person physiologically, but it has many adverse effects psychologically and socially too. It is not always necessary that these mentioned signs and symptoms are compulsorily linked with disease conditions. Apart from the systemic manifestations which do affect a particular system of the body, there are various disorders in which alcohol indirectly provides its crucial contribution. It is a common finding that is baclofen addictive one could perceive that alcohol is most of the time in the list of risk factors for various diseases. Alcohol has been found to adversely affect our immune system and the matter of concern as far as this issue is concerned is that immune responses are influenced by even moderate amounts of alcohol intake [26]. Alcohol affects innate immunity and also interferes with almost all the various aspects of the adaptive immune response.

  1. The most severe form of liver disease is alcoholic cirrhosis, which is where fatty liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue and can no longer function.
  2. Plus, even a few drinks can lower your inhibition—prompting you to eat more than you otherwise would if you were sober, research suggests.
  3. From the first sip, alcohol impacts the body—even if you don’t realize it.
  4. This condition can be distressing and dangerous, necessitating immediate medical attention.

If you drink every day, or almost every day, you might notice that you catch colds, flu or other illnesses more frequently than people who don’t drink. That’s because alcohol can weaken your immune system, slow healing and make your body more susceptible to infection. But there’s plenty of research to back up the notion that alcohol does lead to weight gain in general. In reality, there’s no evidence that drinking beer (or your alcoholic beverages of choice) actually contributes to belly fat. At this point, you may have alcohol cravings or drink to avoid the low feelings withdrawal causes rather than for the pleasurable feelings alcohol consumption may offer.

These conditions have very serious consequences, and can even manifest as heart attacks and strokes when blockages prevent blood flow to the brain or heart. When someone has a SUD and another mental health disorder, it is usually better to treat them at the same time rather than separately. People who need help for a SUD and other mental disorders should see a health care provider for each disorder. Pancreatitis is a painful condition marked by heavy inflammation that can lead to diabetes and pancreatic cancer, one the deadliest forms of cancer. Excessive alcohol consumption isn’t the only culprit (gallstones and certain genetic disorders can also cause it), but it’ll up your risk big time. That’s because booze interferes with normal pancreas function, causing the organ to secrete digestive enzymes internally instead of sending them out to the small intestine, where they’re supposed to go.

This post and all Zenni blog contents are not to be considered medical advice. Zenni Optical, Inc. does not provide professional health care advice or engage in the practice of medicine, optometry, or professional health care. Always seek the advice of your optometrist or other qualified health provider for all professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. When you consume alcohol, its effects on your vision are both immediate and noticeable. Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system, including the areas of the brain responsible for visual processing.

It’s important to note that any amount of alcohol in your system can interfere with your ability to think and function without impairment. These brain chemicals are responsible for regulating your mood, concentration, motivation, and reward-seeking behavior. Drinking alcohol can influence your psychological functioning and well-being. Alcohol also causes damage to nerves and pathways, which disrupts communication between essential organs and bodily functions. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Like a clog in a drain, those thickened fluids can jam up your ducts.

You probably already know that excessive drinking can affect you in more ways than one. Because denial is common, you may feel like you don’t have a problem with drinking. You might not recognize how much you drink or how many problems in your life are related to alcohol use. Listen to relatives, friends or co-workers when they ask you to examine your drinking habits or to seek help. Consider talking with someone who has had a problem with drinking but has stopped.

If your body can’t manage and balance your blood sugar levels, you may experience greater complications and side effects related to diabetes. Many people assume the occasional beer or glass of wine at mealtimes or special occasions doesn’t pose much cause for concern. But drinking any amount of alcohol can potentially lead to unwanted health consequences. The NIMH Strategic Plan for Research is a broad roadmap for the Institute’s research priorities over the next five years. Learn more about NIMH’s commitment to accelerating the pace of scientific progress and transforming mental health care. The contents of this post and of all Zenni blogs are for informational and marketing purposes only.

The trillions of microbes in your colon and large and small intestines are critical to proper digestion. That’s because your body already has processes in place that allow it to store excess proteins, carbohydrates and fats. So, your system prioritizes getting rid of alcohol before it can turn its attention to its other work. If alcohol continues to accumulate in your system, it can destroy cells and, eventually, damage your organs. And that’s on top of the toll that alcohol use can take on relationships, not to mention the potential for financial strain and legal troubles.